That is what the nut is for, along with a flat washer that goes between them. If the holes are not aligned l/r, you end up with a very large cloud of dust and a lot of debris being thrown around.
This muzzle brake example came off one of the 17 pdrs from the Shilo museum. It was not perpendicular before it came off but I can assure you it will be when it goes back on.
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