Actually the flat topped 'button head' nipples that accept a grease gun fitting that slides on from the side are an American design, originally made in the USA by Alemite, as Rob has said. They were used in plant applications (most wartime crawlers and scraper boxes for example) and came in two head sizes and many thread sizes. These were referred to as Small TAT and Big TAT I believe, but possibly only in the UK. They were adopted by the MOD as standard and are still available commercially here in the UK.
David
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